interlinear translation

Of this [1] dear [3] ancient [2] priest calling {the gods} [4], his [5] middle [7] brother [6] is [8] devourer [9], the third [10] his [13] brother [11] – with back of the light [12], then [14] { I } saw [15] the Master of creatures [16] having seven Sons [17].

interlinear translation

The seven ones [1] yoke [2] chariot [3] having one wheel [4], the one [5] horse [6] having seven names [8] bears [7] the imperishable [11] unobstructable [12] three-naved [9] wheel [10] where [13] all [15] these [14] worlds [16] have stood [18] upon [17].

interlinear translation

{Those} who [4] {are} seven [5] have stood [6] upon [3] this [1] chariot [2], seven [8] horses [10] bear [9] having seven wheels [7]; seven [11] sisters [12] together [14] move [15] there where [16] are set [18] seven [19] names [20] of cows [17].

interlinear translation

Who [1] has saw [2] the first [3] born [4], when [6] the boneless one [7] bears [8] the having bones one [5]? Where [13+14] {is} the breath [10] of earth [9], blood [11], Atman [12]? Who [15] comes [18] to [17] the knower [16] to [19] ask [19] this [20]?

interlinear translation

Immature [1], unknowing [4], { I } ask [2] by mind [3] about planes [8] of gods [5] hidden [7] beyond [6]; seers [16] have spread out [14+15] seven [12] threads [13] above [11] in one year old [10] calf [9] to weave [17].

interlinear translation

Then [4] unknowing [1] { I } ask [6] else [18+19] the seers [5] having knowledge [2] – not [8] knowing [9] for knowledge [7] – about the One [21] in form [17] of goat <unborn thought from Svar> [16], who [11] has established [12] these [14] six [13] middle worlds [15].

interlinear translation

Here [1] let speak [2] him who [3] truly [5] has knew [6] hidden [9] plane [10] of this [7] delightful [8] bird [11]; the cows (perceptions from supramental Svar) [15] are milking [14] from his [16] head [12] with thickened milk [13], {ones} wearing [18] body [17] drank [21] water [19] by {his} foot [20].

interlinear translation

Mother [1] has gave [5] to Father [2] share [5] in Truth [3], for [10] being nourished [6] at first [7] by mind [8] {she} arrived [11] together [9]; she [12], {at first} not desiring [13], pierced [15] with impregnating juice [14]. Verily [17], the bearing bow ones [16] have come [19] with invocation [18].

interlinear translation

Yoked [1] Mother [2] was [3] in yoke [4] of Dakshina (Discrimination) [5], Child [7] stood [6] within [9] in strong places [8]; the Calf [11] bellowed [10] after [12] Cow [13], of universal from [15] looked [14] in three [16] yokings [17].

interlinear translation

The One [6] stands [8] high [7] bearing [5] three [1] not [9] outwearing [11+12] Mothers [2], three [3] Fathers [4]; in high level [16] of that [15] Heaven [14] {they} speak [13] for the omniscient [17] the speech [18] not by all apprehended [19].

interlinear translation

That [3] wheel [6] with twelve spokes [1] not [2] for wearing out [4] is all around [7] surrounded [5] by Heaven [8] of the Truth [9]; then [14] sons [11], O Agni [12], have stood [19] in pairs [13] seven [15] hundreds [16] and [18] twenty [17].

interlinear translation

{They} have said [5] about five-footed [1] with twelve forms [3] Father [2] living [8] in supreme [6] realm [7] of Heaven [4]; then [9] these [10] other ones [11] say [16] about all-seeing [13] fixed [17] upon [12] having seven wheels [14] having six spokes [15].

interlinear translation

In that [4] wheel [2] having five spokes [1] moving everywhere [3] the all [8] worlds [7] have stood [6]; its [9] heavily laden [13] axle [11] not [10] ignites [12], verily [15], never [14+16] breaks [17], having the same nave [18].

interlinear translation

Ever [1] the wheel [2] ageless [3] rolls [4+5], ten [7] yoked [8] bear [9] in stretched out [6]; eye [11] of the Sun [10], surrounded [14] by middle world [12] goes [13], in it [15] {there are} all [18] fastened [16] worlds [17].

interlinear translation

Of those that are born together [1] the seventh [2], so [10] {they} have spoke [3], was born alone [4], six {are} [5] verily [6] twins [7], the god-born [9] rishis [8]; their [11] desirable {dwellers} [12], ordered [13] according to place [14] stir [16] in a fixity [15], changed [17] in different forms [18].

interlinear translation

{Although they} are [2] females [1], I [5] have been told [7] {that} they {are} [3] males [6]. The having eyes one [9] {is} seeing [8], the blind one [13] does not [10] distinguish [11+12]. The seer [14], who {is} [15] son [16], he [17] is awaked in consciousness [20], he [24], who [21] knows [23] them [22] will be [27] the father [26] of father [25].

interlinear translation

Below [1] supreme [3], above [2] this [4] lowest [5] plane [6] the Cow [9] bearing [8] Calf [7] has stood [11] up [10]. Where does [13] She [12] turned [13]? In what [14+15] highest [17] realm [16] have {She} came [18]? Where [19+20] does {She} deliver {a child} [21], surely not [22] in the herd [23]?

interlinear translation

Who [4] considering himself as a seer [10] has knew [6] his [5] Father [3] {who is} below [1] supreme [2], above [7] this [8] lowest [9]? Who [11] announced [13+14] here [12]? From whom [17] the divine [15] mind [16] is born [19] above [18]?

interlinear translation

{They} have told [6] {that} they who {are} [1] the coming ones [2], they {are} [3] the departing ones [5]; {they} have told [12] {that} they who {are} [7] the departing ones [8], they {are} [9] the coming ones [11]. O Indra [13] and [14] Soma [17], these, whom [18] you two [15] have made [16], yoked [21] bear [23] as if [20] by cart [19] from the middle world [22].

interlinear translation

The two [1] with beautiful wings [2] close [3] friends [4] embraced [8] around [7] the common [5] tree [6]; one [10] of them [9] eats [13] the sweet [12] fruit [11], another [15] not eating [14], looks [17] on {the eating one}¹ [16].

¹ Famous allegory of Purusha (observing witness and giver of sanction, anumantṛ) and of outer involved being that is subject to the Nature (anīśa). This rik was repeated by Mandukya Upanishad (3.1.1) and Shvetashvara Upanishad (4.6).

interlinear translation

Where [1] {they} vigilant [5] with beautiful wings [2] are voicing [7] share [4] in immortality [3], knowledges [6], the Lord [8] of all [9] being [10], Guardian [11], he [12] to me [13], the Wise one [14] to the ignorant [15], then [16] has came [17+18].

interlinear translation

All [9] {beings} with beautiful wings [4] eating sweetness [3] seat [5] upon that [1] tree [2] and [7] bring to the birth [6] above [8]; {they} have said {that} [12] verily [11] his [10] sweet [14] fruit [13] {is} on the top [15], he who [20] has not [22] knew [23] father [21] will not [17] reach [19] that {fruit} [16] on the top [18].

interlinear translation

When [1] Gayatri [4] is placed [5] above [3] on the Gayatri [2] or [7] {they} carved in form [9] Trishtubh [8] from Trishtubh [6], or [11] when [10] pada [15] Jagati [12] is placed [14] upon Jagati [13], {then} verily [17] they [20], who [16] have knew [19] that [18], have reached [22] immortality [21].

interlinear translation

By metre Gayatri [1] is measured [2+3] hymn of illumination [4]; by hymn of illumination [5] – Sama-chant [6], by Trishtubh [7] – recitation [8]; by two-paded [11], four-paded [12] recitation [9] – recitation [10]; by syllable [13] are measured [14] seven [15] metres¹ [16].

¹ I.e. gāyatrī – 24 syllables, uṣṇik – 28 syllables, anuṣṭup – 32 syllables, bṛhatī – 36 syllables, paṅkti – 40 syllables, triṣṭup – 44 syllables, jagatī – 48 syllables.

interlinear translation

By Jagat metre [1] {he} upheld [4] Ocean [2] in Heaven [3], in Rathamtara¹ [5] {he} saw [8] the Sun [6] everywhere [7]; {they} have said [12] {that there are} three [11] kindles [10] of Gayatri metre [9], for that reason [13] {it} has excelled [15+16] in greatness [14], in vastness [17].

¹ Name of some hymns-samans. Literally ratha, chariot, tara, carrying.

interlinear translation

{ I } call [2] coming [5] good milch [3] fosterer-cow [4], let [9] the milker [7] having good hands [6] milk [9] it [10]; Savitri [13] impelled [14] for us [15] the best [11] {pressing}-creation [12], that [18] inflamed [16] illumination [17] { I } now [20] declare [21+22].

interlinear translation

Making sound Hin <lowing sound made by a cow seeking her calf> [1] Mistress of plenty [2] of riches [3], seeking [5] the Calf [4] has came [7+8+9] by mind [6]. This [14] {Cow} unslayable (Aditi) [13] yielding [10] the Milk [12] to Ashvins [11], let [16] She [15] increase [16] for the great [17] good enjoyment [18].

interlinear translation

The Cow [1] bellowed [2] after [3] the Calf [4] opening eyes [5], made [8] sound Hin [7] to sound [9] to {his} head [6]; {She} bellows [15] sounding [14] to [13] the blazing [12] corner of mouth [11] of the bellowing [16], feeds [17] with flows of milk [18].

interlinear translation

This [1] he [2] make sounds [3], the Cow [5] surrounded by [6] them [4] bellows [7] to the bellowing {Calf} [8], {She} standing [11] above [10] in outpouring [9]; for [15] She [12] has dispersed [14+16] the mortality [17] by knowledges [13], becoming [19] lightning [18] {She} removed [20+22] the veil [21].

interlinear translation

Breathing [1], going quickly [3] in the lying [2], alive [4], eternal [6], living [5] amid [7] bodies-abodes¹ [9], life [10] of the dead [11] moves [12] by own self-laws [13], immortal [14] with mortal [15] having same womb² [16].

¹ See note to 1.151.2.

² see note to 1.15.4

interlinear translation

{ I } saw [1] the guardian [2] not falling down <unresting> [3], travelling [9] by paths [8] hither [4] and [7] to the beyond [6]. He [10] taking {paths} [14] leading in the same direction [11], he {taking paths} [12] leading in all directions [13] moves [16] between [18] worlds [17].

interlinear translation

One who [1] made [3], he [5] does not [4] know [7] him [6], one who [8] has saw [10], verily [12] at once [13] loses sight of [11] him [14]. He [15] {being} within [19] womb¹ [17] of the parent [16] {is} all-encompassing [18]; {he} has returned [23] to many births [20] {and} destruction [21].

¹ see note to 1.15.4

interlinear translation

The Heaven [1], my [2] father [3], the parent [4], {is} here [6] my navel [5]. The kindred [7] {is} my [8] mother [9], this [12] great [11] Earth [10]. Within [16] {these two} stretched [13] vessels [14] {is} – the womb [15], here [17] the father [18] has input [21+22] fetus [20] of daughter [19].

interlinear translation

{ I } ask [1] thee [2] about upper [3] limit [4] of the Earth [5], ask [6] where [7] {is} navel [9] of being [8], ask [10] thee [11] about semen [14] of Bull-[12]-Stead [13], ask [15] about highest [17] ether [18] of speech [16].

interlinear translation

This [1] altar <i.e. body of Arian> [2] {is} upper [3] limit [4] of the Earth [5], this [6] offering [7] {is} navel [9] of being [8], this [10] soma [11] {is} semen [14] of the Bull-[12]-Steed [13], this [16] Brahma <master of the wisdom-word> [15] {is} highest [18] ether [19] of speech [17].

interlinear translation

Seven [1] regions-wombs [2], the semen [4] of being [3], stand [6] in the order and law [8] by command [7] of Vishnu [5]; they [9] by thoughts [10], by mind [11], they [12] illumined in consciousness [13], everywhere existing [14], on every side [17] all around [15] come into being [16].

interlinear translation

{ I } do not [1] know [2+3] am { I } [6] like this [4+5]: {me} secret [7], { I } move [10] bound [8] by mind [9]. When [11] the first-born one [15] of the Truth [16] has reached [13+14] me [12], then [17], verily [18], { I } attain [20] share [21] in this [22] speech [19].

interlinear translation

Standing behind [1] goes [3] forward [2] ruled [5] by law of its nature [4], immortal [6] with mortal [7] having one womb¹ [8]; they two [9] constantly [10] going apart [11], going asunder [12]: perceive [15] within [13] one [14], do not [16] perceive [18] within [17] another [19].

¹ see note to 1.15.4

interlinear translation

Riks {are} [1] in imperishable [2] supreme [3] ether [4], in which [5] all [8] gods [6] have sat [9] above [7]. He who [10] did not [12] know [13] That [11], what [14] {he} shall do [16] with the Rik [15]? They who [17] verily [18] have knew [20] That [19] they [21] sit [24] together [23].

interlinear translation

Let {thee, my rik} be [4] having share [2] in good pasture <i.e. in Svar> [1], then [5] let [8] us [6] be [8] having share [7]! At all times [12] do eat [9] grass [10] in the {Cow} unslayable <i.e. Aditi> [11], arriving [16], do drink [13] clean [14] Water [15].

interlinear translation

She-gaur [1] has measured [2] flowing streams [3], forming [4] one-paded [5], two-paded [6]; it [7] having became [11] four-paded [8], eight-paded [9], nine-paded [10], thousand-paded [12] in supreme [13] ether [14].

interlinear translation

Above [3], the oceans [2] flow out [4+5] from her [1], four [9] regions [8] live [7] by That [6]; the imperishable [12] flows [11] therefrom [10], all [14] live [16] towards [15] That [13].

interlinear translation

{ I } beheld [4] cow-dung [1] smoke [2] far [3], in the middle [5] beyond [6] of this [7] lowest [8]; heroes [12] cook [11] dappled [10] bull [9], these [13] laws [14] were [16] the first [15].

interlinear translation

Three [1] long-haired ones [2] are seen [4+5] in order of Truth [3], one [8] of them [9] is strewn [7] during year [6], one [11] sees [12+13] all [10] by mights [14], the force [15] of one [16] is seen [17], not [18] form [19].

interlinear translation

The speech [2] is meted out [3] in four [1] planes [4], that [5] brahmans [7] which {are} [8] thinkers [9] know [6]. Three [11] are hidden [12] by secrecy [10] – {peoples} do not [13] move {them} [14], peoples [17] speak [18] from forth [15] speech [16].

interlinear translation

{They} name [5] Garumat [10], the divine [7] bird [8] with beautiful wings [9] as Indra [1], as Mitra [2], as Varuna [3], as Agni [4]; illumined seer [13] name [15] variously [14] the One [11] Being [12], name [19] as Agni [16], as Yama [17], as Matarishvan <growing in the Mothers-waters> [18].

interlinear translation

By black [1] path [2] the bright horses [3] with beautiful wings [4] bearing [6] Waters [5] fly [9] upwards [8] to Heaven [7]; {when} they [10] turned [11+12] out from the seat [13] of the Truth [14], then [15] verily [16] the Earth [18] is flooded up [19+20] by the clarity <lit. ghee> [17].

interlinear translation

Twelve [1] fellies [2], one [4] wheel [3], three [5] naves [6]; the one who [7] has perceived [10] that [9], in him [11] together [12] as if [14] three hundreds [13] pillars [15] fixed [16], as if [18] sixty [17] movable and immovable [19].

interlinear translation

Do fulfil [20] that [1] thy [2] inexhaustible [4] breast [3], that [5] bliss-giving [6] by which [7] {thee} increasest [9] all [8] desirable boons [10], that [11] delight-giving [12] bestowing wealth [13], that [14] well giving {breast} [15], O Sarasvati [16], that [17] here [18] for drinking [19].

interlinear translation

The gods [4] performed [3] sacrifice [2] by sacrifice [1]: such [5] the first [7] laws [6] were [8]; these [9] great ones [12], verily [10], enjoyed [13] the Heaven [11], where [14] the first [15] accomplished [16] are [17] the gods [18].

interlinear translation

The same [1] this [2] Water [3] goes [6] upwards [4] and [8] downwards [7] by days [9]; rains [11] revive [12] Earth [10], flames [15] revive [14] Heaven [13].

interlinear translation

{ I } call [14] for protection [13] the vast [4] divine [1] bird [3] with beautiful wings [2], the visible [7] child [6] of Waters [5], of growths {of earth} [8], Sarasvat [12] coming from Waters (?) [9], satisfying [11] with rains [10].