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MAṆḌALA 1

Sūkta 93

 

1. Info

To:    agni, soma
From:   gotama rāhūgaṇa
Metres:   triṣṭubh (4-7, 12); anuṣṭubh (1-3); gāyatrī (9-11); jagatī or triṣṭubh (8)
 

 

2. Audio

 

▪   by South Indian brahmins

 

▪   by Sri Shyama Sundara Sharma and Sri Satya Krishna Bhatta. Recorded by © 2012 Sriranga Digital Software Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

 
 

 

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3. Text

01.093.01   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.28.01    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.095   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमावि॒मं सु मे॑ शृणु॒तं वृ॑षणा॒ हवं॑ ।

प्रति॑ सू॒क्तानि॑ हर्यतं॒ भव॑तं दा॒शुषे॒ मयः॑ ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमाविमं सु मे शृणुतं वृषणा हवं ।

प्रति सूक्तानि हर्यतं भवतं दाशुषे मयः ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomāvimám sú me śṛṇutám vṛṣaṇā hávam ǀ

práti sūktā́ni haryatam bhávatam dāśúṣe máyaḥ ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomāvimam su me śṛṇutam vṛṣaṇā havam ǀ

prati sūktāni haryatam bhavatam dāśuṣe mayaḥ ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमौ । इ॒मम् । सु । मे॒ । शृ॒णु॒तम् । वृ॒ष॒णा॒ । हव॑म् ।

प्रति॑ । सु॒ऽउ॒क्तानि॑ । ह॒र्य॒त॒म् । भव॑तम् । दा॒शुषे॑ । मयः॑ ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमौ । इमम् । सु । मे । शृणुतम् । वृषणा । हवम् ।

प्रति । सुऽउक्तानि । हर्यतम् । भवतम् । दाशुषे । मयः ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomau ǀ imám ǀ sú ǀ me ǀ śṛṇutám ǀ vṛṣaṇā ǀ hávam ǀ

práti ǀ su-uktā́ni ǀ haryatam ǀ bhávatam ǀ dāśúṣe ǀ máyaḥ ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomau ǀ imam ǀ su ǀ me ǀ śṛṇutam ǀ vṛṣaṇā ǀ havam ǀ

prati ǀ su-uktāni ǀ haryatam ǀ bhavatam ǀ dāśuṣe ǀ mayaḥ ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, O {two} Bulls, do hear well this my call, do rejoice in good speakings, do be the Bliss  for the giver .

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)  ←  agnīṣomā

O {two} Bulls   ←   [6] vṛṣaṇā (noun M-V double)  ←  vṛṣan

do hear   ←   [5] śṛṇutam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  śru

well   ←   [3] su (indeclinable word; adverb, adjective)

this   ←   [2] imam (pronoun M-Ac single)  ←  iyam

my   ←   [4] me (pronoun G single 2nd)  ←  aham

call   ←   [7] havam (noun M-Ac single)  ←  hava

do rejoice   ←   [8] prati (indeclinable word; adverb, preposition); [10] haryatam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  hary

in good speakings   ←   [9] su-uktāni (noun N-Ac plural)  ←  sūkta

do be   ←   [11] bhavatam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  bhū

the Bliss   ←   [13] mayaḥ (noun N-Ac single)  ←  mayas

for the giver   ←   [12] dāśuṣe (noun M-D single)  ←  dāśvas

01.093.02   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.28.02    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.096   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा॒ यो अ॒द्य वा॑मि॒दं वचः॑ सप॒र्यति॑ ।

तस्मै॑ धत्तं सु॒वीर्यं॒ गवां॒ पोषं॒ स्वश्व्यं॑ ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा यो अद्य वामिदं वचः सपर्यति ।

तस्मै धत्तं सुवीर्यं गवां पोषं स्वश्व्यं ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā yó adyá vāmidám vácaḥ saparyáti ǀ

tásmai dhattam suvī́ryam gávām póṣam sváśvyam ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā yo adya vāmidam vacaḥ saparyati ǀ

tasmai dhattam suvīryam gavām poṣam svaśvyam ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा । यः । अ॒द्य । वा॒म् । इ॒दम् । वचः॑ । स॒प॒र्यति॑ ।

तस्मै॑ । ध॒त्त॒म् । सु॒ऽवीर्य॑म् । गवा॑म् । पोष॑म् । सु॒ऽअश्व्य॑म् ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा । यः । अद्य । वाम् । इदम् । वचः । सपर्यति ।

तस्मै । धत्तम् । सुऽवीर्यम् । गवाम् । पोषम् । सुऽअश्व्यम् ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā ǀ yáḥ ǀ adyá ǀ vām ǀ idám ǀ vácaḥ ǀ saparyáti ǀ

tásmai ǀ dhattam ǀ su-vī́ryam ǀ gávām ǀ póṣam ǀ su-áśvyam ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ǀ yaḥ ǀ adya ǀ vām ǀ idam ǀ vacaḥ ǀ saparyati ǀ

tasmai ǀ dhattam ǀ su-vīryam ǀ gavām ǀ poṣam ǀ su-aśvyam ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, he who offer this speech to you now, for him do establish hero-strength , abundance of cows , possession of good horses .

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

he who   ←   [2] yaḥ (pronoun M-N single)  ←  yad

offer   ←   [7] saparyati = see añcayati (verb Present Active single 3rd)  ←  saparya

this   ←   [5] idam (pronoun N-Ac single)  ←  iyam

speech   ←   [6] vacaḥ (noun N-Ac single)  ←  vacas

to you   ←   [4] vām (pronoun D double)  ←  tva

now   ←   [3] adya (indeclinable word; adverb)

for him   ←   [8] tasmai (pronoun N-D single 3rd)  ←  tad

do establish   ←   [9] dhattam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  dhā

hero-strength   ←   [10] su-vīryam (noun N-Ac single)  ←  suvīrya

abundance   ←   [12] poṣam (noun M-Ac single)  ←  poṣa

of cows   ←   [11] gavām (noun M-G plural)  ←  go

possession of good horses   ←   [13] su-aśvyam (noun N-Ac single)  ←  svaśvya

01.093.03   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.28.03    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.097   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा॒ य आहु॑तिं॒ यो वां॒ दाशा॑द्ध॒विष्कृ॑तिं ।

स प्र॒जया॑ सु॒वीर्यं॒ विश्व॒मायु॒र्व्य॑श्नवत् ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा य आहुतिं यो वां दाशाद्धविष्कृतिं ।

स प्रजया सुवीर्यं विश्वमायुर्व्यश्नवत् ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā yá ā́hutim yó vām dā́śāddhavíṣkṛtim ǀ

sá prajáyā suvī́ryam víśvamā́yurvyáśnavat ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ya āhutim yo vām dāśāddhaviṣkṛtim ǀ

sa prajayā suvīryam viśvamāyurvyaśnavat ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा । यः । आऽहु॑तिम् । यः । वा॒म् । दाशा॑त् । ह॒विःऽकृ॑तिम् ।

सः । प्र॒ऽजया॑ । सु॒ऽवीर्य॑म् । विश्व॑म् । आयुः॑ । वि । अ॒श्न॒व॒त् ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा । यः । आऽहुतिम् । यः । वाम् । दाशात् । हविःऽकृतिम् ।

सः । प्रऽजया । सुऽवीर्यम् । विश्वम् । आयुः । वि । अश्नवत् ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā ǀ yáḥ ǀ ā́-hutim ǀ yáḥ ǀ vām ǀ dā́śāt ǀ havíḥ-kṛtim ǀ

sáḥ ǀ pra-jáyā ǀ su-vī́ryam ǀ víśvam ǀ ā́yuḥ ǀ ví ǀ aśnavat ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ǀ yaḥ ǀ ā-hutim ǀ yaḥ ǀ vām ǀ dāśāt ǀ haviḥ-kṛtim ǀ

saḥ ǀ pra-jayā ǀ su-vīryam ǀ viśvam ǀ āyuḥ ǀ vi ǀ aśnavat ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, he, who gave to you an oblation, who {worshipped you by} creation of offering-hymn , may he attain with offspring (fruits of works)  the heroic force  {and} full life.

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

he, who   ←   [2] yaḥ (pronoun M-N single)  ←  yad

gave   ←   [6] dāśāt = adāśat (verb Imperfect Active single 3rd)  ←  dāś

to you   ←   [5] vām (pronoun D double 2nd)  ←  yuva

an oblation   ←   [3] ā-hutim (noun F-Ac single)  ←  āhuti

who   ←   [4] yaḥ (pronoun M-N single)  ←  yad

{worshipped you by} creation of offering-hymn   ←   [7] haviḥ-kṛtim (noun F-Ac single)  ←  haviṣkṛti

may   ←   [14] aśnavat (verb Subjunctive single 3rd)  ←  aś

he   ←   [8] saḥ (pronoun M-N single 3rd)  ←  sa

attain   ←   [13] vi (indeclinable word; adverb); [14] aśnavat (verb Subjunctive single 3rd)  ←  aś

with offspring (fruits of works)   ←   [9] pra-jayā (noun F-I single)  ←  prajā

the heroic force   ←   [10] su-vīryam (noun N-Ac single)  ←  suvīrya

{and} full   ←   [11] viśvam (noun M-Ac single)  ←  viśva

life   ←   [12] āyuḥ (noun N-Ac single)  ←  āyus

01.093.04   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.28.04    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.098   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा॒ चेति॒ तद्वी॒र्यं॑ वां॒ यदमु॑ष्णीतमव॒सं प॒णिं गाः ।

अवा॑तिरतं॒ बृस॑यस्य॒ शेषोऽविं॑दतं॒ ज्योति॒रेकं॑ ब॒हुभ्यः॑ ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा चेति तद्वीर्यं वां यदमुष्णीतमवसं पणिं गाः ।

अवातिरतं बृसयस्य शेषोऽविंदतं ज्योतिरेकं बहुभ्यः ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā céti tádvīryám vām yádámuṣṇītamavasám paṇím gā́ḥ ǀ

ávātiratam bṛ́sayasya śéṣó’vindatam jyótirékam bahúbhyaḥ ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ceti tadvīryam vām yadamuṣṇītamavasam paṇim gāḥ ǀ

avātiratam bṛsayasya śeṣo’vindatam jyotirekam bahubhyaḥ ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा । चेति॑ । तत् । वी॒र्य॑म् । वा॒म् । यत् । अमु॑ष्णीतम् । अ॒व॒सम् । प॒णिम् । गाः ।

अव॑ । अ॒ति॒र॒त॒म् । बृस॑यस्य । शेषः॑ । अवि॑न्दतम् । ज्योतिः॑ । एक॑म् । ब॒हुऽभ्यः॑ ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा । चेति । तत् । वीर्यम् । वाम् । यत् । अमुष्णीतम् । अवसम् । पणिम् । गाः ।

अव । अतिरतम् । बृसयस्य । शेषः । अविन्दतम् । ज्योतिः । एकम् । बहुऽभ्यः ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā ǀ céti ǀ tát ǀ vīryám ǀ vām ǀ yát ǀ ámuṣṇītam ǀ avasám ǀ paṇím ǀ gā́ḥ ǀ

áva ǀ atiratam ǀ bṛ́sayasya ǀ śéṣaḥ ǀ ávindatam ǀ jyótiḥ ǀ ékam ǀ bahú-bhyaḥ ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ǀ ceti ǀ tat ǀ vīryam ǀ vām ǀ yat ǀ amuṣṇītam ǀ avasam ǀ paṇim ǀ gāḥ ǀ

ava ǀ atiratam ǀ bṛsayasya ǀ śeṣaḥ ǀ avindatam ǀ jyotiḥ ǀ ekam ǀ bahu-bhyaḥ ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, that your hero force  was perceived, when {you} took away cattle , cows  {from} Pani , carried away offspring of Brisaya, found one Light  for many {creatures}.

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

that   ←   [3] tat (pronoun)

your   ←   [5] vām (pronoun G double 2nd)  ←  yuva

hero force   ←   [4] vīryam (noun N-Ac single)  ←  vīrya

was perceived   ←   [2] ceti = cityate (verb Present Passive single 3rd)  ←  cit

when   ←   [6] yat (indeclinable word; pronoun)  ←  yad

{you} took away   ←   [7] amuṣṇītam (verb Imperfect Active double 2nd)  ←  muṣ

cattle   ←   [8] avasam (noun N-Ac single)  ←  avasa

cows   ←   [10] gāḥ (noun M-Ac plural)  ←  go

{from} Pani   ←   [9] paṇim (noun M-Ac single)  ←  paṇi

carried away   ←   [11] ava (indeclinable word; adverb); [12] atiratam (verb Imperfect Active double 2nd)  ←  tṝ

offspring   ←   [14] śeṣaḥ (noun N-Ac single)  ←  śeṣas

of Brisaya   ←   [13] bṛsayasya (noun M-G single)  ←  bṛsaya

found   ←   [15] avindatam (verb Imperfect Active double 2nd)  ←  vid

one   ←   [17] ekam (noun N-Ac single)  ←  eka

Light   ←   [16] jyotiḥ (noun N-Ac single)  ←  jyotis

for many {creatures}   ←   [18] bahu-bhyaḥ (noun M-D plural)  ←  bahu

01.093.05   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.28.05    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.099   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

यु॒वमे॒तानि॑ दि॒वि रो॑च॒नान्य॒ग्निश्च॑ सोम॒ सक्र॑तू अधत्तं ।

यु॒वं सिंधूँ॑र॒भिश॑स्तेरव॒द्यादग्नी॑षोमा॒वमुं॑चतं गृभी॒तान् ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

युवमेतानि दिवि रोचनान्यग्निश्च सोम सक्रतू अधत्तं ।

युवं सिंधूँरभिशस्तेरवद्यादग्नीषोमावमुंचतं गृभीतान् ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

yuvámetā́ni diví rocanā́nyagníśca soma sákratū adhattam ǀ

yuvám síndhūm̐rabhíśasteravadyā́dágnīṣomāvámuñcatam gṛbhītā́n ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

yuvametāni divi rocanānyagniśca soma sakratū adhattam ǀ

yuvam sindhūm̐rabhiśasteravadyādagnīṣomāvamuñcatam gṛbhītān ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

यु॒वम् । ए॒तानि॑ । दि॒वि । रो॒च॒नानि॑ । अ॒ग्निः । च॒ । सो॒म॒ । सक्र॑तू॒ इति॒ सऽक्र॑तू । अ॒ध॒त्त॒म् ।

यु॒वम् । सिन्धू॑न् । अ॒भिऽश॑स्तेः । अ॒व॒द्यात् । अग्नी॑षोमौ । अमु॑ञ्चतम् । गृ॒भी॒तान् ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

युवम् । एतानि । दिवि । रोचनानि । अग्निः । च । सोम । सक्रतू इति सऽक्रतू । अधत्तम् ।

युवम् । सिन्धून् । अभिऽशस्तेः । अवद्यात् । अग्नीषोमौ । अमुञ्चतम् । गृभीतान् ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

yuvám ǀ etā́ni ǀ diví ǀ rocanā́ni ǀ agníḥ ǀ ca ǀ soma ǀ sákratū íti sá-kratū ǀ adhattam ǀ

yuvám ǀ síndhūn ǀ abhí-śasteḥ ǀ avadyā́t ǀ ágnīṣomau ǀ ámuñcatam ǀ gṛbhītā́n ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

yuvam ǀ etāni ǀ divi ǀ rocanāni ǀ agniḥ ǀ ca ǀ soma ǀ sakratū iti sa-kratū ǀ adhattam ǀ

yuvam ǀ sindhūn ǀ abhi-śasteḥ ǀ avadyāt ǀ agnīṣomau ǀ amuñcatam ǀ gṛbhītān ǁ

interlinear translation

You {two}, O Agni  and Soma , being of one mind, held these luminous words  in the Heaven , you {two} released captive rivers  from calaminty, from fault, O Agni and Soma.

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

You {two}   ←   [1] yuvam (pronoun V double 2nd)  ←  yuva

O Agni   ←   [5] agniḥ (noun M-N single)  ←  agni

and   ←   [6] ca (indeclinable word; copulative)

Soma   ←   [7] soma (noun M-V single)

being of one mind   ←   [8] sakratū iti sa-kratū (noun M-N double)  ←  sakratu

held   ←   [9] adhattam (verb Imperfect Active double 2nd)  ←  dhā

these   ←   [2] etāni (noun N-Ac plural)  ←  etad

luminous words   ←   [4] rocanāni (noun N-Ac plural)  ←  rocana

in the Heaven   ←   [3] divi (noun M-L single)  ←  div

you {two}   ←   [10] yuvam (pronoun N double 2nd)  ←  yuva

released   ←   [15] amuñcatam (verb Imperfect Active double 2nd)  ←  muc

captive   ←   [16] gṛbhītān (noun M-Ac plural)  ←  gṛbhīta

rivers   ←   [11] sindhūn (noun M-Ac plural)  ←  sindhu

from calaminty   ←   [12] abhi-śasteḥ (noun F-Ab single)  ←  abhiśasti

from fault   ←   [13] avadyāt (noun N-Ab single)  ←  avadya

O Agni and Soma   ←   [14] agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)  ←  agnīṣomā

01.093.06   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.28.06    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.100   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

आन्यं दि॒वो मा॑त॒रिश्वा॑ जभा॒राम॑थ्नाद॒न्यं परि॑ श्ये॒नो अद्रेः॑ ।

अग्नी॑षोमा॒ ब्रह्म॑णा वावृधा॒नोरुं य॒ज्ञाय॑ चक्रथुरु लो॒कं ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

आन्यं दिवो मातरिश्वा जभारामथ्नादन्यं परि श्येनो अद्रेः ।

अग्नीषोमा ब्रह्मणा वावृधानोरुं यज्ञाय चक्रथुरु लोकं ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ā́nyám divó mātaríśvā jabhārā́mathnādanyám pári śyenó ádreḥ ǀ

ágnīṣomā bráhmaṇā vāvṛdhānórúm yajñā́ya cakrathuru lokám ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

ānyam divo mātariśvā jabhārāmathnādanyam pari śyeno adreḥ ǀ

agnīṣomā brahmaṇā vāvṛdhānorum yajñāya cakrathuru lokam ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

आ । अ॒न्यम् । दि॒वः । मा॒त॒रिश्वा॑ । ज॒भा॒र॒ । अम॑थ्नात् । अ॒न्यम् । परि॑ । श्ये॒नः । अद्रेः॑ ।

अग्नी॑षोमा । ब्रह्म॑णा । व॒वृ॒धा॒ना । उ॒रुम् । य॒ज्ञाय॑ । च॒क्र॒थुः॒ । ऊं॒ इति॑ । लो॒कम् ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

आ । अन्यम् । दिवः । मातरिश्वा । जभार । अमथ्नात् । अन्यम् । परि । श्येनः । अद्रेः ।

अग्नीषोमा । ब्रह्मणा । ववृधाना । उरुम् । यज्ञाय । चक्रथुः । ऊं इति । लोकम् ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ā́ ǀ anyám ǀ diváḥ ǀ mātaríśvā ǀ jabhāra ǀ ámathnāt ǀ anyám ǀ pári ǀ śyenáḥ ǀ ádreḥ ǀ

ágnīṣomā ǀ bráhmaṇā ǀ vavṛdhānā́ ǀ urúm ǀ yajñā́ya ǀ cakrathuḥ ǀ ūṃ íti ǀ lokám ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

ā ǀ anyam ǀ divaḥ ǀ mātariśvā ǀ jabhāra ǀ amathnāt ǀ anyam ǀ pari ǀ śyenaḥ ǀ adreḥ ǀ

agnīṣomā ǀ brahmaṇā ǀ vavṛdhānā ǀ urum ǀ yajñāya ǀ cakrathuḥ ǀ ūṃ iti ǀ lokam ǁ

interlinear translation

Matarishvan  has brought the one <Agni> from Heaven , hawk plucked  another <Soma> from rock ; O Agni and Soma, O increasead with Wisdom-Word , {you} have made wide world <i.e. Svar> for sacrifice .

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

Matarishvan   ←   [4] mātariśvā (noun M-N single)  ←  mātariśvan

has brought   ←   [1] ā (preposition); [5] jabhāra (verb Perfect single 3rd)  ←  bhṛ

the one <Agni>   ←   [2] anyam (noun M-Ac single)  ←  anya

from Heaven   ←   [3] divaḥ (noun M-Ab single)  ←  div

hawk   ←   [9] śyenaḥ (noun M-N single)  ←  śyena

plucked   ←   [6] amathnāt (verb Imperfect single 3rd)  ←  math; [8] pari (indeclinable word; adverb, preposition)

another <Soma>   ←   [7] anyam (noun M-Ac single)  ←  anya

from rock   ←   [10] adreḥ (noun M-Ab single)  ←  adri

; O Agni and Soma   ←   [11] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

O increasead   ←   [13] vavṛdhānā = vavṛdhānau (noun M-V double)  ←  vavṛdhāna

with Wisdom-Word   ←   [12] brahmaṇā (noun N-I single)  ←  brahman

{you} have made   ←   [16] cakrathuḥ (verb Perfect Active double 2nd)  ←  kṛ

wide   ←   [14] urum (noun M-Ac single)  ←  uru

world <ййййййSvar>   ←   [18] lokam (noun M-Ac single)  ←  loka

for sacrifice   ←   [15] yajñāya (noun M-D single)  ←  yajña

01.093.07   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.29.01    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.101   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा ह॒विषः॒ प्रस्थि॑तस्य वी॒तं हर्य॑तं वृषणा जु॒षेथां॑ ।

सु॒शर्मा॑णा॒ स्वव॑सा॒ हि भू॒तमथा॑ धत्तं॒ यज॑मानाय॒ शं योः ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा हविषः प्रस्थितस्य वीतं हर्यतं वृषणा जुषेथां ।

सुशर्माणा स्ववसा हि भूतमथा धत्तं यजमानाय शं योः ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā havíṣaḥ prásthitasya vītám háryatam vṛṣaṇā juṣéthām ǀ

suśármāṇā svávasā hí bhūtámáthā dhattam yájamānāya śám yóḥ ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā haviṣaḥ prasthitasya vītam haryatam vṛṣaṇā juṣethām ǀ

suśarmāṇā svavasā hi bhūtamathā dhattam yajamānāya śam yoḥ ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा । ह॒विषः॑ । प्रऽस्थि॑तस्य । वी॒तम् । हर्य॑तम् । वृ॒ष॒णा॒ । जु॒षेथा॑म् ।

सु॒ऽशर्मा॑णा । सु॒ऽअव॑सा । हि । भू॒तम् । अथ॑ । ध॒त्त॒म् । यज॑मानाय । शम् । योः ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा । हविषः । प्रऽस्थितस्य । वीतम् । हर्यतम् । वृषणा । जुषेथाम् ।

सुऽशर्माणा । सुऽअवसा । हि । भूतम् । अथ । धत्तम् । यजमानाय । शम् । योः ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā ǀ havíṣaḥ ǀ prá-sthitasya ǀ vītám ǀ háryatam ǀ vṛṣaṇā ǀ juṣéthām ǀ

su-śármāṇā ǀ su-ávasā ǀ hí ǀ bhūtám ǀ átha ǀ dhattam ǀ yájamānāya ǀ śám ǀ yóḥ ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ǀ haviṣaḥ ǀ pra-sthitasya ǀ vītam ǀ haryatam ǀ vṛṣaṇā ǀ juṣethām ǀ

su-śarmāṇā ǀ su-avasā ǀ hi ǀ bhūtam ǀ atha ǀ dhattam ǀ yajamānāya ǀ śam ǀ yoḥ ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, do arrive to the coming forth offering , do rejoice, O {two} Bulls, do have pleasure, do become the perfect protectors full of peaceful happiness, then do establish that glad peace  for the sacrificer .

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

do arrive   ←   [4] vītam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  vī

to the coming forth   ←   [3] pra-sthitasya (noun M-G single)  ←  prasthita

offering   ←   [2] haviṣaḥ (noun N-G single)  ←  havis

do rejoice   ←   [5] haryatam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  hary

O {two} Bulls   ←   [6] vṛṣaṇā (noun M-V double)  ←  vṛṣan

do have pleasure   ←   [7] juṣethām (verb Aorist -a Imperative Middle double 2nd)  ←  juṣ

do become   ←   [11] bhūtam (verb Aorist Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  bhū

the perfect protectors   ←   [9] su-avasā = svavāṃsau (noun M-N double)  ←  svavas

full of peaceful happiness   ←   [8] su-śarmāṇā = śarmanānā (noun M-N double)  ←  śarman

then   ←   [12] atha (indeclinable word; adverb)

do establish   ←   [13] dhattam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  dhā

that   ←   [16] yoḥ (pronoun G single)  ←  ya

glad peace   ←   [15] śam (indeclinable word; noun)

for the sacrificer   ←   [14] yajamānāya (noun M-D single)  ←  yajamāna

01.093.08   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.29.02    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.102   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

यो अ॒ग्नीषोमा॑ ह॒विषा॑ सप॒र्याद्दे॑व॒द्रीचा॒ मन॑सा॒ यो घृ॒तेन॑ ।

तस्य॑ व्र॒तं र॑क्षतं पा॒तमंह॑सो वि॒शे जना॑य॒ महि॒ शर्म॑ यच्छतं ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

यो अग्नीषोमा हविषा सपर्याद्देवद्रीचा मनसा यो घृतेन ।

तस्य व्रतं रक्षतं पातमंहसो विशे जनाय महि शर्म यच्छतं ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

yó agnī́ṣómā havíṣā saparyā́ddevadrī́cā mánasā yó ghṛténa ǀ

tásya vratám rakṣatam pātámáṃhaso viśé jánāya máhi śárma yacchatam ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

yo agnīṣomā haviṣā saparyāddevadrīcā manasā yo ghṛtena ǀ

tasya vratam rakṣatam pātamaṃhaso viśe janāya mahi śarma yacchatam ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

यः । अ॒ग्नीषोमा॑ । ह॒विषा॑ । स॒प॒र्यात् । दे॒व॒द्रीचा॑ । मन॑सा । यः । घृ॒तेन॑ ।

तस्य॑ । व्र॒तम् । र॒क्ष॒त॒म् । पा॒तम् । अंह॑सः । वि॒शे । जना॑य । महि॑ । शर्म॑ । य॒च्छ॒त॒म् ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

यः । अग्नीषोमा । हविषा । सपर्यात् । देवद्रीचा । मनसा । यः । घृतेन ।

तस्य । व्रतम् । रक्षतम् । पातम् । अंहसः । विशे । जनाय । महि । शर्म । यच्छतम् ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

yáḥ ǀ agnī́ṣómā ǀ havíṣā ǀ saparyā́t ǀ devadrī́cā ǀ mánasā ǀ yáḥ ǀ ghṛténa ǀ

tásya ǀ vratám ǀ rakṣatam ǀ pātám ǀ áṃhasaḥ ǀ viśé ǀ jánāya ǀ máhi ǀ śárma ǀ yacchatam ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

yaḥ ǀ agnīṣomā ǀ haviṣā ǀ saparyāt ǀ devadrīcā ǀ manasā ǀ yaḥ ǀ ghṛtena ǀ

tasya ǀ vratam ǀ rakṣatam ǀ pātam ǀ aṃhasaḥ ǀ viśe ǀ janāya ǀ mahi ǀ śarma ǀ yacchatam ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, he, who worshiped by offering-hymn , by mind turned towards the gods, he who {worshiped} by offering of clarity , do keep safe his law of works , do protect from evil, do extend the great peace for the born, for the race.

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [2] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

he, who   ←   [1] yaḥ (pronoun M-N single)  ←  yad

worshiped   ←   [4] saparyāt (verb Imperfect Active single 3rd)  ←  saparya

by offering-hymn   ←   [3] haviṣā (noun N-I single)  ←  havis

by mind   ←   [6] manasā (noun N-I single)  ←  manas

turned towards the gods   ←   [5] devadrīcā (noun M-I single)  ←  devadryac

he who   ←   [7] yaḥ (pronoun M-N single)  ←  yad

{worshiped} by offering of clarity   ←   [8] ghṛtena (noun M-I single)  ←  ghṛta

do keep safe   ←   [11] rakṣatam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  rakṣ

his   ←   [9] tasya (pronoun M-G single)  ←  sa

law of works   ←   [10] vratam (noun N-Ac single)  ←  vrata

do protect   ←   [12] pātam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  pā

from evil   ←   [13] aṃhasaḥ (noun N-Ab single)  ←  aṃhas

do extend   ←   [18] yacchatam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  yam

the great   ←   [16] mahi (noun N-Ac single)

peace   ←   [17] śarma (noun N-Ac single)  ←  śarman

for the born   ←   [15] janāya (noun M-D single)  ←  jana

for the race   ←   [14] viśe (noun F-D single)  ←  viś

01.093.09   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.29.03    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.103   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा॒ सवे॑दसा॒ सहू॑ती वनतं॒ गिरः॑ ।

सं दे॑व॒त्रा ब॑भूवथुः ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा सवेदसा सहूती वनतं गिरः ।

सं देवत्रा बभूवथुः ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā sávedasā sáhūtī vanatam gíraḥ ǀ

sám devatrā́ babhūvathuḥ ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā savedasā sahūtī vanatam giraḥ ǀ

sam devatrā babhūvathuḥ ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा । सऽवे॑दसा । सहू॑ती॒ इति॒ सऽहू॑ती । व॒न॒त॒म् । गिरः॑ ।

सम् । दे॒व॒ऽत्रा । ब॒भू॒व॒थुः॒ ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा । सऽवेदसा । सहूती इति सऽहूती । वनतम् । गिरः ।

सम् । देवऽत्रा । बभूवथुः ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā ǀ sá-vedasā ǀ sáhūtī íti sá-hūtī ǀ vanatam ǀ gíraḥ ǀ

sám ǀ deva-trā́ ǀ babhūvathuḥ ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ǀ sa-vedasā ǀ sahūtī iti sa-hūtī ǀ vanatam ǀ giraḥ ǀ

sam ǀ deva-trā ǀ babhūvathuḥ ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, do enjoy the words  with their common knowledge, with their common invocation; {you two} have became together in gods.

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

do enjoy   ←   [4] vanatam (verb Present / Aorist a Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  van

the words   ←   [5] giraḥ (noun M-Ac plural)  ←  gir

with their common knowledge   ←   [2] sa-vedasā (noun M-I single)  ←  savedas

with their common invocation   ←   [3] sahūtī iti sa-hūtī = sahūtī (noun F-I single)  ←  sahūti

; {you two} have became   ←   [8] babhūvathuḥ (verb Perfect Active double 2nd)  ←  bhū

together   ←   [6] sam (indeclinable word; adverb)

in gods   ←   [7] deva-trā (indeclinable word; adverb)  ←  devatrā

01.093.10   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.29.04    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.104   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमाव॒नेन॑ वां॒ यो वां॑ घृ॒तेन॒ दाश॑ति ।

तस्मै॑ दीदयतं बृ॒हत् ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमावनेन वां यो वां घृतेन दाशति ।

तस्मै दीदयतं बृहत् ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomāvanéna vām yó vām ghṛténa dā́śati ǀ

tásmai dīdayatam bṛhát ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomāvanena vām yo vām ghṛtena dāśati ǀ

tasmai dīdayatam bṛhat ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमौ । अ॒नेन॑ । वा॒म् । यः । वा॒म् । घृ॒तेन॑ । दाश॑ति ।

तस्मै॑ । दी॒द॒य॒त॒म् । बृ॒हत् ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमौ । अनेन । वाम् । यः । वाम् । घृतेन । दाशति ।

तस्मै । दीदयतम् । बृहत् ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomau ǀ anéna ǀ vām ǀ yáḥ ǀ vām ǀ ghṛténa ǀ dā́śati ǀ

tásmai ǀ dīdayatam ǀ bṛhát ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomau ǀ anena ǀ vām ǀ yaḥ ǀ vām ǀ ghṛtena ǀ dāśati ǀ

tasmai ǀ dīdayatam ǀ bṛhat ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, he who gives to you with this clarity , for him do illume the Vastness .

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)  ←  agnīṣomā

he who   ←   [4] yaḥ (pronoun M-N single)  ←  yad

gives   ←   [7] dāśati (verb Present Active single 3rd)  ←  dāś

to you   ←   [3] vām (pronoun D double)  ←  tva

with this   ←   [2] anena (pronoun N-I single)  ←  iyam

clarity   ←   [6] ghṛtena (noun N-I single)  ←  ghṛta

for him   ←   [8] tasmai (pronoun N-D single 3rd)  ←  tad

do illume   ←   [9] dīdayatam (verb Thematicised perfect Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  dī

the Vastness   ←   [10] bṛhat (noun N-Ac single)

01.093.11   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.29.05    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.105   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमावि॒मानि॑ नो यु॒वं ह॒व्या जु॑जोषतं ।

आ या॑त॒मुप॑ नः॒ सचा॑ ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमाविमानि नो युवं हव्या जुजोषतं ।

आ यातमुप नः सचा ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomāvimā́ni no yuvám havyā́ jujoṣatam ǀ

ā́ yātamúpa naḥ sácā ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomāvimāni no yuvam havyā jujoṣatam ǀ

ā yātamupa naḥ sacā ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमौ । इ॒मानि॑ । नः॒ । यु॒वम् । ह॒व्या । जु॒जो॒ष॒त॒म् ।

आ । या॒त॒म् । उप॑ । नः॒ । सचा॑ ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमौ । इमानि । नः । युवम् । हव्या । जुजोषतम् ।

आ । यातम् । उप । नः । सचा ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomau ǀ imā́ni ǀ naḥ ǀ yuvám ǀ havyā́ ǀ jujoṣatam ǀ

ā́ ǀ yātam ǀ úpa ǀ naḥ ǀ sácā ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomau ǀ imāni ǀ naḥ ǀ yuvam ǀ havyā ǀ jujoṣatam ǀ

ā ǀ yātam ǀ upa ǀ naḥ ǀ sacā ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, you {two}, do enjoy these our offering , to us do come together.

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)  ←  agnīṣomā

you {two}   ←   [4] yuvam (pronoun V double 2nd)  ←  yuva

do enjoy   ←   [6] jujoṣatam (verb Thematicised perfect Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  juṣ

these   ←   [2] imāni (pronoun N-Ac plural)  ←  iyam

our   ←   [3] naḥ (pronoun G plural 1st)  ←  vayam

offering   ←   [5] havyā = havyāni (noun N-Ac plural)  ←  havya

to   ←   [9] upa (preposition)

us   ←   [10] naḥ (pronoun Ac plural 1st)  ←  vayam

do come   ←   [7] ā (preposition); [8] yātam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  yā

together   ←   [11] sacā (indeclinable word; adverb)

01.093.12   (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)

1.6.29.06    (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)

1.14.106   (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)

Samhita Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा पिपृ॒तमर्व॑तो न॒ आ प्या॑यंतामु॒स्रिया॑ हव्य॒सूदः॑ ।

अ॒स्मे बला॑नि म॒घव॑त्सु धत्तं कृणु॒तं नो॑ अध्व॒रं श्रु॑ष्टि॒मंतं॑ ॥

Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा पिपृतमर्वतो न आ प्यायंतामुस्रिया हव्यसूदः ।

अस्मे बलानि मघवत्सु धत्तं कृणुतं नो अध्वरं श्रुष्टिमंतं ॥

Samhita transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā pipṛtámárvato na ā́ pyāyantāmusríyā havyasū́daḥ ǀ

asmé bálāni maghávatsu dhattam kṛṇutám no adhvarám śruṣṭimántam ǁ

Samhita transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā pipṛtamarvato na ā pyāyantāmusriyā havyasūdaḥ ǀ

asme balāni maghavatsu dhattam kṛṇutam no adhvaram śruṣṭimantam ǁ

Padapatha Devanagari Accented

अग्नी॑षोमा । पि॒पृ॒तम् । अर्व॑तः । नः॒ । आ । प्या॒य॒न्ता॒म् । उ॒स्रियाः॑ । ह॒व्य॒ऽसूदः॑ ।

अ॒स्मे इति॑ । बला॑नि । म॒घव॑त्ऽसु । ध॒त्त॒म् । कृ॒णु॒तम् । नः॒ । अ॒ध्व॒रम् । श्रु॒ष्टि॒ऽमन्त॑म् ॥

Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented

अग्नीषोमा । पिपृतम् । अर्वतः । नः । आ । प्यायन्ताम् । उस्रियाः । हव्यऽसूदः ।

अस्मे इति । बलानि । मघवत्ऽसु । धत्तम् । कृणुतम् । नः । अध्वरम् । श्रुष्टिऽमन्तम् ॥

Padapatha transliteration accented

ágnīṣomā ǀ pipṛtám ǀ árvataḥ ǀ naḥ ǀ ā́ ǀ pyāyantām ǀ usríyāḥ ǀ havya-sū́daḥ ǀ

asmé íti ǀ bálāni ǀ maghávat-su ǀ dhattam ǀ kṛṇutám ǀ naḥ ǀ adhvarám ǀ śruṣṭi-mántam ǁ

Padapatha transliteration nonaccented

agnīṣomā ǀ pipṛtam ǀ arvataḥ ǀ naḥ ǀ ā ǀ pyāyantām ǀ usriyāḥ ǀ havya-sūdaḥ ǀ

asme iti ǀ balāni ǀ maghavat-su ǀ dhattam ǀ kṛṇutam ǀ naḥ ǀ adhvaram ǀ śruṣṭi-mantam ǁ

interlinear translation

O Agni and Soma, for us do carry over safe coursers , do make to swell shining cows  filling the offering, do uphold strengths for us in masters of wealth, do make our pilgrim-sacrifice  full of hearing {of the Truth} .

Translation — Padapatha — Grammar

O Agni and Soma   ←   [1] agnīṣomā = agnīṣomau (noun M-V double)

for us   ←   [4] naḥ (pronoun D plural 1st)  ←  vayam

do carry over safe   ←   [2] pipṛtam (verb Present reduplicated Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  pṛ

coursers   ←   [3] arvataḥ (noun M-Ac plural)  ←  arvat

do make to swell   ←   [5] ā (preposition); [6] pyāyantām (verb Present Imperative Middle plural 3rd)  ←  pyai

shining cows   ←   [7] usriyāḥ (noun F-Ac plural)  ←  usriya

filling the offering   ←   [8] havya-sūdaḥ = havyasūdāḥ (noun F-Ac plural)  ←  havyasūd

do uphold   ←   [12] dhattam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  dhā

strengths   ←   [10] balāni (noun N-Ac plural)  ←  bala

for us   ←   [9] asme iti (pronoun D plural 1st)  ←  vayam

in masters of wealth   ←   [11] maghavat-su (noun M-L plural)  ←  maghavat

do make   ←   [13] kṛṇutam (verb Present Imperative Active double 2nd)  ←  kṛ

our   ←   [14] naḥ (pronoun G plural 1st)  ←  vayam

pilgrim-sacrifice   ←   [15] adhvaram (noun M-Ac single)  ←  adhvara

full of hearing {of the Truth}   ←   [16] śruṣṭi-mantam (noun M-Ac single)  ←  śruṣṭimat

Translations and commentaries by Sri Aurobindo

1. Perhaps, 19181

1.93.4. O Flame, O Wine, your force has become conscious; you have discovered the One Light for the many.

2. June 19162

4. O Agni and Soma, then was your strength awakened when you robbed the Pani of the cows and found the one Light for many

3. November 19153

1.93.4. Ye two stole the cows from the Panis.... Ye found the one light for many

4. October 19154

1.93.4. O Agni and Soma, that heroic might of yours was made conscient when ye robbed the Pani of the cows

 

1 The Life Divine. XXVII The Gnostic Being // CWSA.– Vol. 21–22.– The Life Divine.– Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 2005, pp. 999-1050.

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2 The Secret of the Veda. XXII. The Conquest over the Dasyus // CWSA.– Vol. 15.– The Secret of the Veda.– Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 1998, pp. 232-240. 1-st published: Arya: A Philosophical Review. Monthly.– Vol.2, No 11 – June 1916, pp. 677-686.

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3 The Secret of the Veda. XV. The Lost Sun and the Lost Cows // CWSA.– Vol. 15.– The Secret of the Veda.– Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 1998, pp. 149-158. 1-st published: Arya: A Philosophical Review. Monthly.– Vol.2, No 4 – November 1915, pp. 224-234.

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4 The Secret of the Veda. XIV. The Cow and the Angiras Legend // CWSA.– Vol. 15.– The Secret of the Veda.– Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 1998, pp. 138-148. 1-st published: Arya: A Philosophical Review. Monthly.– Vol.2, No 3 – October 1915, pp. 165-174.

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in Russian

 25.11.2020 

Please, start with Introduction

Without knowledge of some things, reading Rigveda will be unproductive. We strongly recommend that you begin your acquaintance with Rigveda by reading the Introduction.