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2. Audio |
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▪ by Sri Shyama Sundara Sharma and Sri Satya Krishna Bhatta. Recorded by © 2012 Sriranga Digital Software Technologies Pvt. Ltd. |
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Rig Veda
Text & Audio
MAṆḌALA 1
Sūkta 81
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1. Info |
| To: | indra | |
| From: | gotama rāhūgaṇa | |
| Metres: | paṅkti |
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2. Audio |
▪ by South Indian brahmins |
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||
▪ by Sri Shyama Sundara Sharma and Sri Satya Krishna Bhatta. Recorded by © 2012 Sriranga Digital Software Technologies Pvt. Ltd. |
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3. Text |
01.081.01 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.01.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.058 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
इंद्रो॒ मदा॑य वावृधे॒ शव॑से वृत्र॒हा नृभिः॑ ।
तमिन्म॒हत्स्वा॒जिषू॒तेमर्भे॑ हवामहे॒ स वाजे॑षु॒ प्र नो॑ऽविषत् ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
इंद्रो मदाय वावृधे शवसे वृत्रहा नृभिः ।
तमिन्महत्स्वाजिषूतेमर्भे हवामहे स वाजेषु प्र नोऽविषत् ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
índro mádāya vāvṛdhe śávase vṛtrahā́ nṛ́bhiḥ ǀ
támínmahátsvājíṣūtémárbhe havāmahe sá vā́jeṣu prá no’viṣat ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
indro madāya vāvṛdhe śavase vṛtrahā nṛbhiḥ ǀ
taminmahatsvājiṣūtemarbhe havāmahe sa vājeṣu pra no’viṣat ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
इन्द्रः॑ । मदा॑य । व॒वृ॒धे॒ । शव॑से । वृ॒त्र॒ऽहा । नृऽभिः॑ ।
तम् । इत् । म॒हत्ऽसु॑ । आ॒जिषु॑ । उ॒त । ई॒म् । अर्भे॑ । ह॒वा॒म॒हे॒ । सः । वाजे॑षु । प्र । नः॒ । अ॒वि॒ष॒त् ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
इन्द्रः । मदाय । ववृधे । शवसे । वृत्रऽहा । नृऽभिः ।
तम् । इत् । महत्ऽसु । आजिषु । उत । ईम् । अर्भे । हवामहे । सः । वाजेषु । प्र । नः । अविषत् ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
índraḥ ǀ mádāya ǀ vavṛdhe ǀ śávase ǀ vṛtra-hā́ ǀ nṛ́-bhiḥ ǀ
tám ǀ ít ǀ mahát-su ǀ ājíṣu ǀ utá ǀ īm ǀ árbhe ǀ havāmahe ǀ sáḥ ǀ vā́jeṣu ǀ prá ǀ naḥ ǀ aviṣat ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
indraḥ ǀ madāya ǀ vavṛdhe ǀ śavase ǀ vṛtra-hā ǀ nṛ-bhiḥ ǀ
tam ǀ it ǀ mahat-su ǀ ājiṣu ǀ uta ǀ īm ǀ arbhe ǀ havāmahe ǀ saḥ ǀ vājeṣu ǀ pra ǀ naḥ ǀ aviṣat ǁ
interlinear translation
Indra , slayer of Vritra, has been increased by the manly ones for intoxication , for the bright force ; it is him {we} call in great battles and in a little, he sped forth for us in plenitudes .
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
Indra ← [1] indraḥ (noun M-N single) ← indra
slayer of Vritra ← [5] vṛtra-hā (noun M-N single) ← vṛtrahan
has been increased ← [3] vavṛdhe (verb Perfect Middle single 3rd) ← vṛdh
by the manly ones ← [6] nṛ-bhiḥ (noun M-I plural) ← nṛ
for intoxication ← [2] madāya (noun M-D single) ← mada
for the bright force ← [4] śavase = śoṣe (noun N-D single) ← śavas
; it is ← [8] it (indeclinable word; particle) ← id
him ← [7] tam (pronoun M-Ac single) ← sa
{we} call ← [14] havāmahe (verb Present Middle plural 1st) ← hve
in great ← [9] mahat-su (noun M-L plural) ← mahat
battles ← [10] ājiṣu (noun M-L plural) ← āji
and ← [11] uta (indeclinable word; copulative)
in a little ← [13] arbhe (noun M-L single) ← arbha
he ← [15] saḥ (pronoun M-N single 3rd) ← sa
sped forth ← [17] pra (indeclinable word; adverb, preposition); [19] aviṣat (verb Aorist single 3rd) ← viṣ
for us ← [18] naḥ (pronoun D plural 1st) ← vayam
in plenitudes ← [16] vājeṣu (noun M-L plural) ← vāja
01.081.02 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.01.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.059 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
असि॒ हि वी॑र॒ सेन्योऽसि॒ भूरि॑ पराद॒दिः ।
असि॑ द॒भ्रस्य॑ चिद्वृ॒धो यज॑मानाय शिक्षसि सुन्व॒ते भूरि॑ ते॒ वसु॑ ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
असि हि वीर सेन्योऽसि भूरि पराददिः ।
असि दभ्रस्य चिद्वृधो यजमानाय शिक्षसि सुन्वते भूरि ते वसु ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
ási hí vīra sényó’si bhū́ri parādadíḥ ǀ
ási dabhrásya cidvṛdhó yájamānāya śikṣasi sunvaté bhū́ri te vásu ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
asi hi vīra senyo’si bhūri parādadiḥ ǀ
asi dabhrasya cidvṛdho yajamānāya śikṣasi sunvate bhūri te vasu ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
असि॑ । हि । वी॒र॒ । सेन्यः॑ । असि॑ । भूरि॑ । प॒रा॒ऽद॒दिः ।
असि॑ । द॒भ्रस्य॑ । चि॒त् । वृ॒धः । यज॑मानाय । शि॒क्ष॒सि॒ । सु॒न्व॒ते । भूरि॑ । ते॒ । वसु॑ ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
असि । हि । वीर । सेन्यः । असि । भूरि । पराऽददिः ।
असि । दभ्रस्य । चित् । वृधः । यजमानाय । शिक्षसि । सुन्वते । भूरि । ते । वसु ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
ási ǀ hí ǀ vīra ǀ sényaḥ ǀ ási ǀ bhū́ri ǀ parā-dadíḥ ǀ
ási ǀ dabhrásya ǀ cit ǀ vṛdháḥ ǀ yájamānāya ǀ śikṣasi ǀ sunvaté ǀ bhū́ri ǀ te ǀ vásu ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
asi ǀ hi ǀ vīra ǀ senyaḥ ǀ asi ǀ bhūri ǀ parā-dadiḥ ǀ
asi ǀ dabhrasya ǀ cit ǀ vṛdhaḥ ǀ yajamānāya ǀ śikṣasi ǀ sunvate ǀ bhūri ǀ te ǀ vasu ǁ
interlinear translation
For {thou}, O Hero , art the Warrior, art the abundantly giving, art increaser even of the little one, {thou} bestowest thy manifold wealth for the sacrificer , for the pressing out .
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
For ← [2] hi (indeclinable word; particle)
{thou}, O Hero ← [3] vīra (noun M-V single)
art ← [1] asi (verb Present Active single 2nd) ← as
the Warrior ← [4] senyaḥ (noun M-N single) ← senya
art ← [5] asi (verb Present Active single 2nd) ← as
the abundantly ← [6] bhūri = bhūrī (indeclinable word; adverb)
giving ← [7] parā-dadiḥ (noun M-N single) ← parādadi
art ← [8] asi (verb Present Active single 2nd) ← as
increaser ← [11] vṛdhaḥ (Participle M-N single) ← vṛdh
even ← [10] cit (indeclinable word; particle)
of the little one ← [9] dabhrasya (noun M-G single) ← dabhra
{thou} bestowest ← [13] śikṣasi (verb Present Active single 2nd) ← śikṣ
thy ← [16] te (pronoun G single 2nd) ← tva
manifold ← [15] bhūri (noun N-Ac single)
wealth ← [17] vasu (noun N-Ac single)
for the sacrificer ← [12] yajamānāya (noun M-D single) ← yajamāna
for the pressing out ← [14] sunvate (noun M-D single) ← sunvat
01.081.03 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.01.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.060 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
यदु॒दीर॑त आ॒जयो॑ धृ॒ष्णवे॑ धीयते॒ धना॑ ।
यु॒क्ष्वा म॑द॒च्युता॒ हरी॒ कं हनः॒ कं वसौ॑ दधो॒ऽस्माँ इं॑द्र॒ वसौ॑ दधः ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
यदुदीरत आजयो धृष्णवे धीयते धना ।
युक्ष्वा मदच्युता हरी कं हनः कं वसौ दधोऽस्माँ इंद्र वसौ दधः ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
yádudī́rata ājáyo dhṛṣṇáve dhīyate dhánā ǀ
yukṣvā́ madacyútā hárī kám hánaḥ kám vásau dadho’smā́m̐ indra vásau dadhaḥ ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
yadudīrata ājayo dhṛṣṇave dhīyate dhanā ǀ
yukṣvā madacyutā harī kam hanaḥ kam vasau dadho’smām̐ indra vasau dadhaḥ ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
यत् । उ॒त्ऽईर॑ते । आ॒जयः॑ । धृ॒ष्णवे॑ । धी॒य॒ते॒ । धना॑ ।
यु॒क्ष्व । म॒द॒ऽच्युता॑ । हरी॒ इति॑ । कम् । हनः॑ । कम् । वसौ॑ । द॒धः॒ । अ॒स्मान् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । वसौ॑ । द॒धः॒ ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
यत् । उत्ऽईरते । आजयः । धृष्णवे । धीयते । धना ।
युक्ष्व । मदऽच्युता । हरी इति । कम् । हनः । कम् । वसौ । दधः । अस्मान् । इन्द्र । वसौ । दधः ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
yát ǀ ut-ī́rate ǀ ājáyaḥ ǀ dhṛṣṇáve ǀ dhīyate ǀ dhánā ǀ
yukṣvá ǀ mada-cyútā ǀ hárī íti ǀ kám ǀ hánaḥ ǀ kám ǀ vásau ǀ dadhaḥ ǀ asmā́n ǀ indra ǀ vásau ǀ dadhaḥ ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
yat ǀ ut-īrate ǀ ājayaḥ ǀ dhṛṣṇave ǀ dhīyate ǀ dhanā ǀ
yukṣva ǀ mada-cyutā ǀ harī iti ǀ kam ǀ hanaḥ ǀ kam ǀ vasau ǀ dadhaḥ ǀ asmān ǀ indra ǀ vasau ǀ dadhaḥ ǁ
interlinear translation
When battles are started, the riches are held for the vehement , do yoke {two} bright steeds outpouring intoxicating inspiration. Whom didst {thou} slay? Whom didst {thou} uphold in wealth ? It is us, O Indra , {thou} upheldest in wealth .
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
When ← [1] yat (indeclinable word; pronoun) ← yad
battles ← [3] ājayaḥ (noun M-N plural) ← āji
are started ← [2] ut-īrate (verb Present Middle plural 3rd) ← udīr
the riches ← [6] dhanā = dhanāni (noun N-Ac plural) ← dhana
are held ← [5] dhīyate = dhīyante (verb Present Passive plural 3rd) ← dhā
for the vehement ← [4] dhṛṣṇave (noun M-D single) ← dhṛṣṇu
do yoke ← [7] yukṣva (verb Aorist root Imperative Middle single 2nd) ← yuj
{two} bright steeds ← [9] harī iti (noun M-Ac double) ← hari
outpouring intoxicating inspiration ← [8] mada-cyutā (noun M-I single) ← madacyut
Whom ← [10] kam (pronoun M-Ac single) ← ka
didst {thou} slay ← [11] hanaḥ = ahanaḥ (verb Imperfect Active single 2nd) ← han
Whom ← [12] kam (pronoun M-Ac single) ← ka
didst {thou} uphold ← [14] dadhaḥ = adadhaḥ (verb Imperfect Active single 2nd) ← dhā
in wealth ← [13] vasau (noun M-L single) ← vasu
It is us ← [15] asmān (pronoun Ac plural 1st) ← vayam
O Indra ← [16] indra (noun M-V single)
{thou} upheldest ← [18] dadhaḥ = adadhaḥ (verb Imperfect Active single 2nd) ← dhā
in wealth ← [17] vasau (noun M-L single) ← vasu
01.081.04 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.01.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.061 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
क्रत्वा॑ म॒हाँ अ॑नुष्व॒धं भी॒म आ वा॑वृधे॒ शवः॑ ।
श्रि॒य ऋ॒ष्व उ॑पा॒कयो॒र्नि शि॒प्री हरि॑वांदधे॒ हस्त॑यो॒र्वज्र॑माय॒सं ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
क्रत्वा महाँ अनुष्वधं भीम आ वावृधे शवः ।
श्रिय ऋष्व उपाकयोर्नि शिप्री हरिवांदधे हस्तयोर्वज्रमायसं ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
krátvā mahā́m̐ anuṣvadhám bhīmá ā́ vāvṛdhe śávaḥ ǀ
śriyá ṛṣvá upākáyorní śiprī́ hárivāndadhe hástayorvájramāyasám ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
kratvā mahām̐ anuṣvadham bhīma ā vāvṛdhe śavaḥ ǀ
śriya ṛṣva upākayorni śiprī harivāndadhe hastayorvajramāyasam ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
क्रत्वा॑ । म॒हान् । अ॒नु॒ऽस्व॒धम् । भी॒मः । आ । व॒वृ॒धे॒ । शवः॑ ।
श्रि॒ये । ऋ॒ष्वः । उ॒पा॒कयोः॑ । नि । शि॒प्री । हरि॑ऽवान् । द॒धे॒ । हस्त॑योः । वज्र॑म् । आ॒य॒सम् ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
क्रत्वा । महान् । अनुऽस्वधम् । भीमः । आ । ववृधे । शवः ।
श्रिये । ऋष्वः । उपाकयोः । नि । शिप्री । हरिऽवान् । दधे । हस्तयोः । वज्रम् । आयसम् ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
krátvā ǀ mahā́n ǀ anu-svadhám ǀ bhīmáḥ ǀ ā́ ǀ vavṛdhe ǀ śávaḥ ǀ
śriyé ǀ ṛṣváḥ ǀ upākáyoḥ ǀ ní ǀ śiprī́ ǀ hári-vān ǀ dadhe ǀ hástayoḥ ǀ vájram ǀ āyasám ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
kratvā ǀ mahān ǀ anu-svadham ǀ bhīmaḥ ǀ ā ǀ vavṛdhe ǀ śavaḥ ǀ
śriye ǀ ṛṣvaḥ ǀ upākayoḥ ǀ ni ǀ śiprī ǀ hari-vān ǀ dadhe ǀ hastayoḥ ǀ vajram ǀ āyasam ǁ
interlinear translation
Great in his will according to his self-law, terrible, {he} has increased the bright Might ; high, having mighty jaws, possessing bright horses , {he} has established the iron thunderbolt in joined hands for hearing {of the Truth} .
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
Great ← [2] mahān (noun M-N single) ← mahat
in his will ← [1] kratvā (noun M-I single) ← kratu
according to his self-law ← [3] anu-svadham (indeclinable word; adverb) ← anuṣvadham
terrible ← [4] bhīmaḥ (noun M-N single) ← bhīma
{he} has increased ← [5] ā (preposition); [6] vavṛdhe (verb Perfect Middle single 3rd) ← vṛdh
the bright Might ← [7] śavaḥ = śavat (noun N-Ac single) ← śavas
; high ← [9] ṛṣvaḥ (noun M-N single) ← ṛṣva
having mighty jaws ← [12] śiprī (noun M-N single) ← śiprin
possessing bright horses ← [13] hari-vān (noun M-N single) ← harivat
{he} has established ← [11] ni (indeclinable word; adverb, preposition); [14] dadhe (verb Perfect Middle single 3rd) ← dhā
the iron ← [17] āyasam (noun M-Ac single) ← āyasa
thunderbolt ← [16] vajram (noun M-Ac single) ← vajra
in joined ← [10] upākayoḥ (noun M-L double) ← upāka
hands ← [15] hastayoḥ (noun M-L double) ← hasta
for hearing {of the Truth} ← [8] śriye (noun F-D single) ← śrī
01.081.05 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.01.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.062 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
आ प॑प्रौ॒ पार्थि॑वं॒ रजो॑ बद्ब॒धे रो॑च॒ना दि॒वि ।
न त्वावाँ॑ इंद्र॒ कश्च॒न न जा॒तो न ज॑निष्य॒तेऽति॒ विश्वं॑ ववक्षिथ ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
आ पप्रौ पार्थिवं रजो बद्बधे रोचना दिवि ।
न त्वावाँ इंद्र कश्चन न जातो न जनिष्यतेऽति विश्वं ववक्षिथ ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
ā́ paprau pā́rthivam rájo badbadhé rocanā́ diví ǀ
ná tvā́vām̐ indra káścaná ná jātó ná janiṣyaté’ti víśvam vavakṣitha ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
ā paprau pārthivam rajo badbadhe rocanā divi ǀ
na tvāvām̐ indra kaścana na jāto na janiṣyate’ti viśvam vavakṣitha ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
आ । प॒प्रौ॒ । पार्थि॑वम् । रजः॑ । ब॒द्ब॒धे । रो॒च॒ना । दि॒वि ।
न । त्वाऽवा॑न् । इ॒न्द्र॒ । कः । च॒न । न । जा॒तः । न । ज॒नि॒ष्य॒ते॒ । अति॑ । विश्व॑म् । व॒व॒क्षि॒थ॒ ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
आ । पप्रौ । पार्थिवम् । रजः । बद्बधे । रोचना । दिवि ।
न । त्वाऽवान् । इन्द्र । कः । चन । न । जातः । न । जनिष्यते । अति । विश्वम् । ववक्षिथ ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
ā́ ǀ paprau ǀ pā́rthivam ǀ rájaḥ ǀ badbadhé ǀ rocanā́ ǀ diví ǀ
ná ǀ tvā́-vān ǀ indra ǀ káḥ ǀ caná ǀ ná ǀ jātáḥ ǀ ná ǀ janiṣyate ǀ áti ǀ víśvam ǀ vavakṣitha ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
ā ǀ paprau ǀ pārthivam ǀ rajaḥ ǀ badbadhe ǀ rocanā ǀ divi ǀ
na ǀ tvā-vān ǀ indra ǀ kaḥ ǀ cana ǀ na ǀ jātaḥ ǀ na ǀ janiṣyate ǀ ati ǀ viśvam ǀ vavakṣitha ǁ
interlinear translation
{He} filled earthly {world} {and} the Airspace , encircled worlds of the Light in Heaven ; no one {is} like thee, O Indra , neither {he who was} born, nor {he who} will be born – {thou} hast increased beyond all.
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
{He} filled ← [1] ā (preposition); [2] paprau (verb Perfect Active single 3rd) ← prā
earthly {world} ← [3] pārthivam (noun M-Ac single) ← pārthiva
{and} the Airspace ← [4] rajaḥ (noun N-Ac single) ← rajas
encircled ← [5] badbadhe = babādhe (verb Perfect Middle single 3rd) ← bādh
worlds of the Light ← [6] rocanā (noun N-Ac plural)
in Heaven ← [7] divi (noun M-L single) ← div
; no one {is} ← [11] kaḥ (pronoun M-N single) ← ka; [12] cana (indeclinable word; particle)
like thee ← [9] tvā-vān (noun M-N single) ← tvāvat
O Indra ← [10] indra (noun M-V single)
neither ← [13] na (indeclinable word; adverb, particle)
{he who was} born ← [14] jātaḥ (noun M-N single) ← jāta
nor ← [15] na (indeclinable word; adverb, particle)
{he who} will be born ← [16] janiṣyate (verb Future Middle single 3rd) ← jan
{thou} hast increased ← [19] vavakṣitha (verb Perfect Active single 2nd) ← vakṣ
beyond ← [17] ati (indeclinable word; adverb, adjective)
all ← [18] viśvam (noun M-Ac single) ← viśva
01.081.06 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.02.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.063 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
यो अ॒र्यो म॑र्त॒भोज॑नं परा॒ददा॑ति दा॒शुषे॑ ।
इंद्रो॑ अ॒स्मभ्यं॑ शिक्षतु॒ वि भ॑जा॒ भूरि॑ ते॒ वसु॑ भक्षी॒य तव॒ राध॑सः ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
यो अर्यो मर्तभोजनं पराददाति दाशुषे ।
इंद्रो अस्मभ्यं शिक्षतु वि भजा भूरि ते वसु भक्षीय तव राधसः ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
yó aryó martabhójanam parādádāti dāśúṣe ǀ
índro asmábhyam śikṣatu ví bhajā bhū́ri te vásu bhakṣīyá táva rā́dhasaḥ ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
yo aryo martabhojanam parādadāti dāśuṣe ǀ
indro asmabhyam śikṣatu vi bhajā bhūri te vasu bhakṣīya tava rādhasaḥ ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
यः । अ॒र्यः । म॒र्त॒ऽभोज॑नम् । प॒रा॒ऽददा॑ति । दा॒शुषे॑ ।
इन्द्रः॑ । अ॒स्मभ्य॑म् । शि॒क्ष॒तु॒ । वि । भ॒ज॒ । भूरि॑ । ते॒ । वसु॑ । भ॒क्षी॒य । तव॑ । राध॑सः ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
यः । अर्यः । मर्तऽभोजनम् । पराऽददाति । दाशुषे ।
इन्द्रः । अस्मभ्यम् । शिक्षतु । वि । भज । भूरि । ते । वसु । भक्षीय । तव । राधसः ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
yáḥ ǀ aryáḥ ǀ marta-bhójanam ǀ parā-dádāti ǀ dāśúṣe ǀ
índraḥ ǀ asmábhyam ǀ śikṣatu ǀ ví ǀ bhaja ǀ bhū́ri ǀ te ǀ vásu ǀ bhakṣīyá ǀ táva ǀ rā́dhasaḥ ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
yaḥ ǀ aryaḥ ǀ marta-bhojanam ǀ parā-dadāti ǀ dāśuṣe ǀ
indraḥ ǀ asmabhyam ǀ śikṣatu ǀ vi ǀ bhaja ǀ bhūri ǀ te ǀ vasu ǀ bhakṣīya ǀ tava ǀ rādhasaḥ ǁ
interlinear translation
Who, the Arian , to a giver gives that is beyond {any} property of the mortal; let Indra bestow {also} to us, do give share in thy great wealth , let {me} take share in thy riches .
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
Who ← [1] yaḥ (pronoun M-N single) ← yad
the Arian ← [2] aryaḥ (noun M-N single) ← arya
to a giver ← [5] dāśuṣe (noun M-D single) ← dāśvas
gives that is beyond ← [4] parā-dadāti (verb Present Active single 3rd) ← parādā
{any} property of the mortal ← [3] marta-bhojanam (noun N-Ac single) ← martabhojana
; let ← [8] śikṣatu (verb Imperative Active single 3rd) ← śikṣ
Indra ← [6] indraḥ (noun M-N single) ← indra
bestow ← [8] śikṣatu (verb Imperative Active single 3rd) ← śikṣ
{also} to us ← [7] asmabhyam (pronoun D plural 1st) ← vayam
do give share ← [9] vi (indeclinable word; adverb); [10] bhaja (verb Present Imperative Active single 2nd) ← bhaj
in thy ← [12] te (pronoun G single 2nd) ← tva
great ← [11] bhūri (noun N-Ac single)
wealth ← [13] vasu (noun N-Ac single)
let {me} take share ← [14] bhakṣīya (verb Benedictive Middle single 1st) ← bhaj
in thy ← [15] tava (pronoun G single 2nd) ← tva
riches ← [16] rādhasaḥ (noun N-Ab single) ← rādhas
01.081.07 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.02.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.064 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
मदे॑मदे॒ हि नो॑ द॒दिर्यू॒था गवा॑मृजु॒क्रतुः॑ ।
सं गृ॑भाय पु॒रू श॒तोभ॑याह॒स्त्या वसु॑ शिशी॒हि रा॒य आ भ॑र ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
मदेमदे हि नो ददिर्यूथा गवामृजुक्रतुः ।
सं गृभाय पुरू शतोभयाहस्त्या वसु शिशीहि राय आ भर ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
mádemade hí no dadíryūthā́ gávāmṛjukrátuḥ ǀ
sám gṛbhāya purū́ śatóbhayāhastyā́ vásu śiśīhí rāyá ā́ bhara ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
mademade hi no dadiryūthā gavāmṛjukratuḥ ǀ
sam gṛbhāya purū śatobhayāhastyā vasu śiśīhi rāya ā bhara ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
मदे॑ऽमदे । हि । नः॒ । द॒दिः । यू॒था । गवा॑म् । ऋ॒जु॒ऽक्रतुः॑ ।
सम् । गृ॒भा॒य॒ । पु॒रु । श॒ता । उ॒भ॒या॒ह॒स्त्या । वसु॑ । शि॒शी॒हि । रा॒यः । आ । भ॒र॒ ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
मदेऽमदे । हि । नः । ददिः । यूथा । गवाम् । ऋजुऽक्रतुः ।
सम् । गृभाय । पुरु । शता । उभयाहस्त्या । वसु । शिशीहि । रायः । आ । भर ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
máde-made ǀ hí ǀ naḥ ǀ dadíḥ ǀ yūthā́ ǀ gávām ǀ ṛju-krátuḥ ǀ
sám ǀ gṛbhāya ǀ purú ǀ śatā́ ǀ ubhayāhastyā́ ǀ vásu ǀ śiśīhí ǀ rāyáḥ ǀ ā́ ǀ bhara ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
made-made ǀ hi ǀ naḥ ǀ dadiḥ ǀ yūthā ǀ gavām ǀ ṛju-kratuḥ ǀ
sam ǀ gṛbhāya ǀ puru ǀ śatā ǀ ubhayāhastyā ǀ vasu ǀ śiśīhi ǀ rāyaḥ ǀ ā ǀ bhara ǁ
interlinear translation
For {thou}, the giver of herds of cows to us in intoxication after intoxication , {thou art} straight in {thy} will; do seize altogether in both hands numerous hundredfold {riches} , do sharpen wealth , do bring riches .
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
For ← [2] hi (indeclinable word; particle)
{thou}, the giver ← [4] dadiḥ (noun M-N single) ← dadi
of herds ← [5] yūthā (noun M-Ac double) ← yūtha
of cows ← [6] gavām (noun M-G plural) ← go
to us ← [3] naḥ (pronoun D plural 1st) ← vayam
in intoxication after intoxication ← [1] made-made (noun M-L single) ← mada
{thou art} straight in {thy} will ← [7] ṛju-kratuḥ (noun M-N single) ← ṛjukratu
; do seize ← [9] gṛbhāya (verb Present Imperative Active single 2nd) ← grah
altogether ← [8] sam (indeclinable word; adverb)
in both hands ← [12] ubhayāhastyā (indeclinable word; adverb)
numerous ← [10] puru (noun N-Ac single)
hundredfold {riches} ← [11] śatā = śatāni (noun N-Ac plural) ← śata
do sharpen ← [14] śiśīhi (verb Present Imperative Active single 2nd) ← śo
wealth ← [13] vasu (noun N-Ac single)
do bring ← [16] ā (preposition); [17] bhara (verb Present Imperative Active single 2nd) ← bhṛ
riches ← [15] rāyaḥ (noun M-N plural) ← rai
01.081.08 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.02.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.065 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
मा॒दय॑स्व सु॒ते सचा॒ शव॑से शूर॒ राध॑से ।
वि॒द्मा हि त्वा॑ पुरू॒वसु॒मुप॒ कामा॑न्त्ससृ॒ज्महेऽथा॑ नोऽवि॒ता भ॑व ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
मादयस्व सुते सचा शवसे शूर राधसे ।
विद्मा हि त्वा पुरूवसुमुप कामान्त्ससृज्महेऽथा नोऽविता भव ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
mādáyasva suté sácā śávase śūra rā́dhase ǀ
vidmā́ hí tvā purūvásumúpa kā́māntsasṛjmáhé’thā no’vitā́ bhava ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
mādayasva sute sacā śavase śūra rādhase ǀ
vidmā hi tvā purūvasumupa kāmāntsasṛjmahe’thā no’vitā bhava ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
मा॒दय॑स्व । सु॒ते । सचा॑ । शव॑से । शू॒र॒ । राध॑से ।
वि॒द्म । हि । त्वा॒ । पु॒रु॒ऽवसु॑म् । उप॑ । कामा॑न् । स॒सृ॒ज्महे॑ । अथ॑ । नः॒ । अ॒वि॒ता । भ॒व॒ ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
मादयस्व । सुते । सचा । शवसे । शूर । राधसे ।
विद्म । हि । त्वा । पुरुऽवसुम् । उप । कामान् । ससृज्महे । अथ । नः । अविता । भव ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
mādáyasva ǀ suté ǀ sácā ǀ śávase ǀ śūra ǀ rā́dhase ǀ
vidmá ǀ hí ǀ tvā ǀ puru-vásum ǀ úpa ǀ kā́mān ǀ sasṛjmáhe ǀ átha ǀ naḥ ǀ avitā́ ǀ bhava ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
mādayasva ǀ sute ǀ sacā ǀ śavase ǀ śūra ǀ rādhase ǀ
vidma ǀ hi ǀ tvā ǀ puru-vasum ǀ upa ǀ kāmān ǀ sasṛjmahe ǀ atha ǀ naḥ ǀ avitā ǀ bhava ǁ
interlinear translation
Do intoxicate thyself in the pressed out by us for the bright might , O Hero , for the riches ; for {we} have knew thee having many riches , {we} have released {our} desires to {thee} – then do become protector for us.
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
Do intoxicate thyself ← [1] mādayasva (verb Causative Imperative Middle single 2nd) ← mad
in the pressed out ← [2] sute (noun M-L single) ← suta
by us ← [3] sacā (indeclinable word; adverb)
for the bright might ← [4] śavase = śoṣe (noun N-D single) ← śavas
O Hero ← [5] śūra (noun M-V single)
for the riches ← [6] rādhase (noun N-D single) ← rādhas
; for ← [8] hi (indeclinable word; particle)
{we} have knew ← [7] vidma (verb Perfect Active plural 1st) ← vid
thee ← [9] tvā (pronoun Ac single 2nd) ← tva
having many riches ← [10] puru-vasum (noun M-Ac single) ← purūvasu
{we} have released ← [13] sasṛjmahe (verb Perfect Middle plural 1st) ← sṛj
{our} desires ← [12] kāmān (noun M-Ac plural) ← kāma
to {thee} ← [11] upa (preposition)
then ← [14] atha (indeclinable word; adverb)
do become ← [17] bhava (verb Present Imperative Active single 2nd) ← bhū
protector ← [16] avitā (noun M-N single) ← avitṛ
for us ← [15] naḥ (pronoun D plural 1st) ← vayam
01.081.09 (Mandala. Sukta. Rik)
1.6.02.00 (Ashtaka. Adhyaya. Varga. Rik)
/1.13.066 (Mandala. Anuvaka. Rik)
Samhita Devanagari Accented
ए॒ते त॑ इंद्र जं॒तवो॒ विश्वं॑ पुष्यंति॒ वार्यं॑ ।
अं॒तर्हि ख्यो जना॑नाम॒र्यो वेदो॒ अदा॑शुषां॒ तेषां॑ नो॒ वेद॒ आ भ॑र ॥
Samhita Devanagari Nonaccented
एते त इंद्र जंतवो विश्वं पुष्यंति वार्यं ।
अंतर्हि ख्यो जनानामर्यो वेदो अदाशुषां तेषां नो वेद आ भर ॥
Samhita transliteration accented
eté ta indra jantávo víśvam puṣyanti vā́ryam ǀ
antárhí khyó jánānāmaryó védo ádāśuṣām téṣām no véda ā́ bhara ǁ
Samhita transliteration nonaccented
ete ta indra jantavo viśvam puṣyanti vāryam ǀ
antarhi khyo janānāmaryo vedo adāśuṣām teṣām no veda ā bhara ǁ
Padapatha Devanagari Accented
ए॒ते । ते॒ । इ॒न्द्र॒ । ज॒न्तवः॑ । विश्व॑म् । पु॒ष्य॒न्ति॒ । वार्य॑म् ।
अ॒न्तः । हि । ख्यः । जना॑नाम् । अ॒र्यः । वेदः॑ । अदा॑शुषाम् । तेषा॑म् । नः॒ । वेदः॑ । आ । भ॒र॒ ॥
Padapatha Devanagari Nonaccented
एते । ते । इन्द्र । जन्तवः । विश्वम् । पुष्यन्ति । वार्यम् ।
अन्तः । हि । ख्यः । जनानाम् । अर्यः । वेदः । अदाशुषाम् । तेषाम् । नः । वेदः । आ । भर ॥
Padapatha transliteration accented
eté ǀ te ǀ indra ǀ jantávaḥ ǀ víśvam ǀ puṣyanti ǀ vā́ryam ǀ
antáḥ ǀ hí ǀ khyáḥ ǀ jánānām ǀ aryáḥ ǀ védaḥ ǀ ádāśuṣām ǀ téṣām ǀ naḥ ǀ védaḥ ǀ ā́ ǀ bhara ǁ
Padapatha transliteration nonaccented
ete ǀ te ǀ indra ǀ jantavaḥ ǀ viśvam ǀ puṣyanti ǀ vāryam ǀ
antaḥ ǀ hi ǀ khyaḥ ǀ janānām ǀ aryaḥ ǀ vedaḥ ǀ adāśuṣām ǀ teṣām ǀ naḥ ǀ vedaḥ ǀ ā ǀ bhara ǁ
interlinear translation
These born creatures, O Indra , increase every thy desirable wealth {and} because {thou}, the Arian , seest knowledge within born men, {then} do bring to us knowledge of those non-givers.
Translation — Padapatha — Grammar
These ← [1] ete (noun M-N plural) ← etad
born creatures ← [4] jantavaḥ (noun M-N plural) ← jantu
O Indra ← [3] indra (noun M-V single)
increase ← [6] puṣyanti (verb Present Active plural 3rd) ← puṣ
every ← [5] viśvam (noun N-Ac single) ← viśva
thy ← [2] te (pronoun G single 2nd) ← tva
desirable wealth ← [7] vāryam (noun N-Ac single) ← vārya
{and} because ← [9] hi (indeclinable word; particle)
{thou} ← [10] khyaḥ (verb Subjunctive single 2nd) ← khyā
the Arian ← [12] aryaḥ (noun M-N single) ← arya
seest ← [10] khyaḥ (verb Subjunctive single 2nd) ← khyā
knowledge ← [13] vedaḥ (noun N-Ac single) ← vedas
within ← [8] antaḥ (indeclinable word; adverb) ← antar
born men ← [11] janānām (noun M-G plural) ← jana
{then} do bring ← [18] ā (preposition); [19] bhara (verb Present Imperative Active single 2nd) ← bhṛ
to us ← [16] naḥ (pronoun D plural 1st) ← vayam
knowledge ← [17] vedaḥ (noun N-Ac single) ← vedas
of those ← [15] teṣām (pronoun M-G plural 3rd) ← sa
non-givers ← [14] adāśuṣām (noun M-G plural) ← adāśvas
|
Translations and commentaries by Sri Aurobindo |
1. 1918–201
1.81.1. Indra, the Slayer of the Enemy2, has increased by his men3 for the intoxication, for the puissance and him we call in the great courses of battle and him in the little. May he foster us in the fullnesses of plenty4.
1.81.2. O Hero, thou art our Lord of hosts5 and thou art the giver over to us of the much, and thou art the increaser even of the little6; and for the sacrificer who offers the Soma-wine thou bringest out (givest) thy much substance.
1.81.3. When the courses of battle arise, the wealth is held for the violent One7. Yoke thy bright horses that drip the intoxication8. Whom shalt thou slay? Whom shalt thou enthrone in riches of thy substance? O Indra, us shalt thou enthrone in riches of thy substance.
1.81.4. The Terrible, who is great by will of action according to his law of nature9, has increased his puissance. The swift One of the mighty jaws who drives his bright horses has taken in his hands his adamant thunderbolt to win the glory.
1.81.5. He has filled the earthly region10 and made firm the luminous worlds11 in heaven; there is none like thee, O Indra; not one is born equal to thee nor shall be born. Thou hast carried beyond all that is12 thy course.
1.81.6. May Indra, our Warrior who gives over the mortal enjoyment to the giver of sacrifice, win for us his gifts. Divide thy much riches of substance! let me have joy of thy opulence!
1.81.7. He who is the Straight in will has given us in each intoxication of the wine the herds of his shining cattle. Collect for us the many hundreds of thy substance with both thy hands full, and intensify and bring the felicities of thy riches.
1.81.8. Make with us the intoxication of the Soma-juice, O hero, for strength, for opulence; for we know thee to be of a manifold substance of riches and we cast loose towards thee our desires; become the fosterer of our being.
1.81.9. Thine are these beings born, O Indra, who increase every desirable thing; for thou hast seen within the possession of knowledge13 of those who give not to thee, and thou art a noble warrior; bring to us the possession they guard.
1 Hymns to Indra of Gautama Rahugana // CWSA.– Vol. 14.– Vedic and Philological Studies.– Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 2016, pp. 225-229.
2 Vritrahâ. S. says Vritra may mean either the Coverer or cloud, the Asura Vritra or simply the human enemy. The fixed epithet Vritraha must surely have always the same meaning; it refers always to the Serpent, Ahi Vritra. The battles spoken of in the hymn are those between Indra and Aryan men on one side and Vritra and his hosts who oppose them.
3 Nribhih. S. as usual renders, the leaders (of the sacrifice), that is to say, the priests. More rarely he simply takes nri in the sense of man. Nri refers sometimes to the gods, sometimes to men. It meant originally, in all probability, “moving”, “active”, then “strong”, and so “man” or “hero” = वीर or the Strong Ones, the male Gods. Here I take it to refer to the Maruts, Indra’s men, his Viras, Fighters or Strong Ones.
4 S. “May he protect us in battles.” The hymn is rather for increase of wealth than protection. वाज besides does not mean battle; there is not a single passage of the Veda which compels this sense. S. takes it usually “food”, sometimes “strength”. But numerous passages can be quoted in which it is equivalent to dhana and this meaning gives good sense everywhere. I render it consistently by “plenty” or “plenitude”.
5 Senyah. S. “equal to an army”.
6 S., curiously, “of thy little worshipper”.
7 Dhrishnave. S. “for the conqueror”. But dhrishnu, the violent one is a constant epithet and quality of Indra and his action. The wealth is won by Indra in the battle with the Vritras and Panis and given by him to the Aryan sacrificer.
8 Mada-chyutā. S. “overthrowing the pride of the enemy”. Nowhere in the Veda can मद be shown to have the much later sense of pride. The gods’ horses are called ghritasnāh, dripping the घृत. Why not then dripping the mada, ie the Soma, the vrishā madah somah of 80.2?
9 अनुष्वधम्. S. takes स्वधा as food, and understands “in the food (Soma) he increased his strength”; but there are passages in which Soma cannot mean food. स्व-धा is self-placing or holding and therefore the action of the self-nature, स्वभाव, धर्म. अनुष्वधम् here is equivalent in idea to अनु स्वराज्यम्, in the law of thy self-empire, in the last hymn. Indra is great by will or action, क्रतु, and in verse 7 he is described as ऋजुक्रतु, straight in will or action. His nature like that of the other gods is the nature of the Truth, ऋतवृध्; the law of its action is the law of the truth, सत्यधर्म, often figured in Vedic language by the idea of straightness.
10 S. “the air-world, Antariksha, belonging to the earth”. For a discussion of the रजांसि see Appendix A.
11 रोचना. S. “the shining (stars)”; a sense in which he sometimes takes the word. But what of the three रोचना दिवः? The रोचना which Indra बद्बधे दिवि must surely refer to these रोचना दिवः.
12 S. “He bore exceedingly all the world.” अति विश्वम् surely means “beyond all that is”. वह् can be used of riding in a chariot or driving a chariot. Indra fills heaven and earth and the रोचना दिवः and even these cannot contain him, he proceeds beyond them. Cf....
13 वेदः possession, getting, having, from विद् to find, and knowledge, from विद् to know. The Panis keep the herds of light in their cave, Vritra the waters of the Truth in his cloud, he is, as the old commentators suggested, the Coverer who hides and withholds all desirable things from man. What they have and refuse to give is the Vedic wealth, वेदः, which is also वेदः knowledge. Indra discovers it within man and by battle, as the noble warrior, अर्यः, wins and brings it out to him from the cave and the cloud.
20.10.2020
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